<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="no"?>
<!DOCTYPE article SYSTEM "http://www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/inc/nhess/copernicus.dtd">
<article language="en">
	<journal>
		<journal_title>Natural Hazards and Earth System Science</journal_title>
		<journal_url>www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net</journal_url>
		<issn>1561-8633</issn>
		<eissn>1684-9981</eissn>
		<volume_number>10</volume_number>
		<issue_number>1</issue_number>
		<publication_year>2010</publication_year>
	</journal>
	<doi>10.5194/nhess-10-25-2010</doi>
	<article_url>http://www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/10/25/2010/</article_url>
	<abstract_html>http://www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/10/25/2010/nhess-10-25-2010.html</abstract_html>
	<fulltext_pdf>http://www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/10/25/2010/nhess-10-25-2010.pdf</fulltext_pdf>
	<start_page>25</start_page>
	<end_page>39</end_page>
	<publication_date>2010-01-12</publication_date>
	<article_title content_type="html">Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment in Greece – Part 1: Engineering ground motion parameters</article_title>
	<authors>
		<author numeration="1" affiliations="1">
			<name>G-A. Tselentis</name>
			<email>tselenti@upatras.gr</email>
		</author>
		<author numeration="2" affiliations="1">
			<name>L. Danciu</name>
		</author>
	</authors>
	<affiliations>
		<affiliation numeration="1" content_type="html">University of Patras, Seismological Lab, Rio 265 00, Patras, Greece</affiliation>
	</affiliations>
	<abstract content_type="html">Seismic hazard assessment represents a basic tool for rational planning and
designing in seismic prone areas. In the present study, a probabilistic
seismic hazard assessment in terms of peak ground acceleration, peak ground
velocity, Arias intensity and cumulative absolute velocity computed with a
0.05 g acceleration threshold, has been carried out for Greece. The output
of the hazard computation produced probabilistic hazard maps for all the
above parameters estimated for a fixed return period of 475 years. From
these maps the estimated values are reported for 52 Greek municipalities.
Additionally, we have obtained a set of probabilistic maps of engineering
significance: a probabilistic macroseismic intensity map, depicting the
Modified Mercalli Intensity scale obtained from the estimated peak ground
velocity and a probabilistic seismic-landslide map based on a simplified
conversion of the estimated Arias intensity and peak ground acceleration into
Newmark&apos;s displacement.</abstract>
	<references>
		<reference numeration="1" content_type="text"> Abdrakhmatov, K., Havenith, H.-B., Delvaux, D., Jongmans, D., and Trefois, P.: Probabilistic PGA and Arias Intensity maps of Kyrgyzstan (Central Asia), J. Seismol., 7, 203–220, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="2" content_type="text"> Abrahamson, A. and Bommer, J. J.: Probabiity and Uncertainty in Seismic Hazard Analysis, Earthq. Spectra, 21(1), 603–607, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="3" content_type="text"> Arias, A.: A measure of earthquake intensity, Cambridge, MA, 1970. </reference>
		<reference numeration="4" content_type="text"> Bender, B.: Incorporating acceleration variability into seismic hazard analysis, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 74(2), 1451–1462, 1984. </reference>
		<reference numeration="5" content_type="text"> Bommer, J. J. and Abrahamson, N. A.: Why Do Modern Probabilistic Seismic-Hazard Analysis Often Lead to Increase Hazard Estimates?, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 96(4), 1967–1977, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="6" content_type="text"> Bragato, P. L. and Slejko, D.: Empirical Ground-Motion Attenuation Relations for the Eastern Alps in the Magnitude Range 2.5–6.3, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 95(1), 252–276, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="7" content_type="text"> Burton, P. W., Xu, Y., Qin, C., Tselentis, G.-A., and Sokos, E.: A catalogue of Seismicity in Greece and the adjiacent areas for the twentieth century, Tectonophysics, 390, 117–127, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="8" content_type="text"> Cornell, C. A.: Engineering Seismic Risk Analysis, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 58, 1583–1606, 1968. </reference>
		<reference numeration="9" content_type="text"> Cornell, C. A. and Vanmarcke, E. H.: The major influence on seismic risk, The 4th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Santiago, Chile, 69–93, 1969. </reference>
		<reference numeration="10" content_type="text"> Danciu, L. and Tselentis, G. A.: Engineering Ground-Motion Parameters Attenuation Relationships for Greece, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 97(1B), 162–183, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="11" content_type="text"> EAK: Greek Seismic Code, edited by: Earthquake Planning &amp; Protection Organizatin. Athens – Greece, 72~pp., 7 appendixes, 2003 (in Greek). </reference>
		<reference numeration="12" content_type="text"> EPRI: A criterion for determining exceedance of the operating basis earthquake, EPRI NP-5930, Electrical Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, CA, 1988. </reference>
		<reference numeration="13" content_type="text"> EPRI: Program on Technology Innovation: Truncation of the Lognormal Distribution and Value of the Standard Deviation for Ground Motion Models in the Central And Eastern United States, MD:2006.1014381, Department of Energy, Germantown, Palo Alto, CA, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="14" content_type="text"> Esteva, L.: Seismic Risk and Seismic Design Decisions, in: Seismic Design for Nuclear Power Plants, edited by: Hansen, R. J., Massachusetts Inst. of Tech. Press, Cambridge, MA, USA, 142–82, 1970. </reference>
		<reference numeration="15" content_type="text"> Faccioli, E.: Measures of strong ground motion derived from a stochastic source model, Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 2, 135–149, 1983. </reference>
		<reference numeration="16" content_type="text"> Gutenberg, B. and Richter, C. F.: Frequancy of earthquakes in California, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 34, 185–188, 1954. </reference>
		<reference numeration="17" content_type="text"> Hwang, H. M., Lin, C. K., Yeh, Y. T., Cheng, S. N., and Chen, K. C.: Attenuation relations of Arias intensity based on the Chi-Chi Taiwan earthquake data, Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 24(5), 509–517, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="18" content_type="text"> Jibson, R. W.: Regression models for estimating coseismic landslide displacement, Eng. Geol., 91, 209–218, 2007. </reference>
		<reference numeration="19" content_type="text"> Kayen, R. E. and Mitchell, J. K.: Assessment of liquefaction potential during earthquakes by Arias Intensity, J. Geotech. Geoenviron., 123, 1162–1174, 1997. </reference>
		<reference numeration="20" content_type="text"> Keefer, D. K. and Wilson, R. C.: Predicting Earthquake induced landslides with emphasis on arid or semi-arid environments, in: Landslides in a Semi-Arid Environment, edited by: Sadler, P. M. and Morton, D. M., Inland Geological Society, 2, 118–149, 1989. </reference>
		<reference numeration="21" content_type="text"> Kijko, A. and Sellevoll, M. A.: Estimation of earthquake hazard parameters from incomplete data files, Part I, Utilization of extreme and complete catalogues with different threshold magnitudes, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 79, 645–654, 1989. </reference>
		<reference numeration="22" content_type="text"> Koutrakis, S. I.: A study of the duration of strong-motion in Greece, M.S thesis, University of Thessaloniki, Greece, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="23" content_type="text"> Koutrakis, S. I., Karakaisis, G. F., and Margaris, V. N.: Seismic hazard in Greece based on different strong motion parameters, J. Earthq. Eng., 6(1), 75–109, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="24" content_type="text"> Koutrakis, S. I., Margaris, V. N., Koliopoulos, P. K., and Karakaisis, G. F.: New trends in seismic hazard evaluation in Greece, Abstracts book, IUGG XXII General Assembly, Birmingham, Vol B, 181~pp., 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="25" content_type="text"> Kramer, S. L.: Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, 1996. </reference>
		<reference numeration="26" content_type="text"> Kramer, S. L. and Mitchell, R. A.: Ground Motion Intensity Measures for Liquefaction Hazard Evaluation, Earthq. Spectra, 22(1), 413–438, 2006. </reference>
		<reference numeration="27" content_type="text"> Mantyniemi, P., Tsapanos, T. M., and Kijko, A.: An Estimate of Probabilistic Seismic Hazard for Five Cities in Greece by Using the Parametric-historic Procedure, Eng. Geol., 72, 217–231, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="28" content_type="text"> Margaris, B., Papazachos, C., Papaioannou, C., Theodulidis, N., Kalogeras, I. S., and Skarlatoudis, A. A.: Ground motion attenuation relations for shallow earthquakes in Greece, Proc. of Twelfth European Conference on Earthquake Engineering, paper ref 385, 318–327, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="29" content_type="text"> Margaris, B. N., Theodulidis, N., Papaioannou, C., and Papazachos, C. B.: Strong motion duration of earthquakes in Greece, Proc. XXII Gen Ass E S C., Barcelona, Spain, 865–870, 2002. </reference>
		<reference numeration="30" content_type="text"> Massa, M., Morasca, P., Moratto, L., Marzorati, S., Costa, G., and Spallarossa, D.: Empirical Ground-Motion Prediction Equations for Northern Italy using Weak- and Strong-Motion Amplitudes, Frequancy content, and Duration Parameters, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 98(3), 1319–1342, 2008. </reference>
		<reference numeration="31" content_type="text"> McGuire, R. K.: FORTRAN Computer Program for Seismic Risk Analysis, US Geol. Surv., Open file rep 76–67, 69~pp., 1976. </reference>
		<reference numeration="32" content_type="text"> McGuire, R. K.: FRISK computer program for seismic risk analysis, US Dep. Int., Open-File Report US78-1007, 1978. </reference>
		<reference numeration="33" content_type="text"> McGuire, R. K.: Seismic Hazard and Risk Analysis, Earthquake Engineering Research Institute, USA, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="34" content_type="text"> McGuire, R. K. and Cornell, C. A.: The Case of Using Mean Seismic Hazard, Earthq. Spectra, 21(3), 879–886, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="35" content_type="text"> Musson, R. M. W.: Against Fractiles, Earthq. Spectra, 21(3), 887–891, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="36" content_type="text"> National Research Council.: Landslides Investigation and Mitigation, Transportation Research Board, Special Report~247, 673~pp., 1996. </reference>
		<reference numeration="37" content_type="text"> Newmark, N. M.: Effects of earthquakes on dams and embankments, Geotechnique, 15, 139–160, 1965. </reference>
		<reference numeration="38" content_type="text"> Ordaz, M., Aguilar, A., and Arboleda, J.: CRISIS2003, Ver 3.1, Program for computing seismic hazard, Instituto de Ingeniería, UNAM, Mexico, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="39" content_type="text"> Paciello, A., Rinaldis, D., and Romeo, R.: Incorporating ground motion parameters related to earthquake damage into seismic hazard analysis, Proc. 6th Int Conf. on Seismic Zonation: Managing Earthquake Risk in the 21st Century, Oakland, CA, 321–326, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="40" content_type="text"> Papaioannou, C. A. and Papazachos, B. C.: Time-Independent and Time-Depended Seismic Hazard in Greece Based on Seismogenic Sources, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 90, 22–33, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="41" content_type="text"> Papathanassiou, G., Pavlides, S., and Ganas, A.: The 2003 Lefkada earthquake: Field observations and preliminary microzonation map based on liquefaction potential index for the town of Lefkada, Eng. Geol., 82, 12–31, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="42" content_type="text"> Papazachos, B. C., Comninakis, P. E., Karakaisis, G. F., Karakostas, B. G., Papaioannou, C. A., Papazachos, C. B., and Scordilis, E. M.: A catalogue of earthquakes in Greece and surrounding area for the period 550 BC–1999, Publ. Geoph. Lab. Univ. of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 2000. </reference>
		<reference numeration="43" content_type="text"> Papoulia, J. and Stavrakakis, G.: Attenuation laws and seismic hazard assessment, Nat. Hazards, 3, 49–58,1990. </reference>
		<reference numeration="44" content_type="text"> Pedron, C., Sollogoub, P., Goubet, S., and Viallet, E.: Quantification of the effects of low magnitude near field earthquakes. Transactions of the 17th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor technology (SMiRT 17), Prague, Czech Republic, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="45" content_type="text"> Pelaeza, J. A., Delgado, J., and Casado, C. L.: A preliminary probabilistic seismic hazard assessment in terms of Arias intensity in southeastern Spain, Eng. Geol., 77 139–151, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="46" content_type="text"> Perkins, J. B.: On Shaky Ground – Supplement, A Guide to Assessing Impacts of Future Earthquakes Using Ground Shaking Hazard Maps for the San Francisco Bay Area, Association of Bay Area Governments, Oakland, CA, 1998. </reference>
		<reference numeration="47" content_type="text"> Reasenberg, P.: Second-order moment of central California seismicity, 1962–1982, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 5479–5495, 1985. </reference>
		<reference numeration="48" content_type="text"> Reed, R. W. and Kassawara, R. P.: A criterion for determining exceedance of the operating basis earthquake, Nucl. Eng. Des., 123, 387–396, 1990. </reference>
		<reference numeration="49" content_type="text"> Reiter, L.: Esarthquake Hazard Analysis: Issues and Insights, Columbia University Press, New York, 1990. </reference>
		<reference numeration="50" content_type="text"> Sabetta, F. and Pugliese, A.: Estimation of response spectra and simulation of nonstationary earthquake ground motions, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 86(1), 337–352, 1996. </reference>
		<reference numeration="51" content_type="text"> Scherbaum, F., Schmedes, J., and Cotton, F.: On the conversion of Source-to-Site Distance Measures of Extended Earthquake Source Models, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 94(3), 1053–1069, 2004. </reference>
		<reference numeration="52" content_type="text"> Skarlatoudis, A. A., Papazachos, B. C., Margaris, B. N., Theodulidis, N., Papaioannou, C., Kalogeras, I., Scordilis, E. M., and Karakostas, V.: Empirical Peak Ground – Motion Predictive Relations for Shallow Earthquakes in Greece,B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 93, 2591–2603, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="53" content_type="text"> Stavrakakis, G. and Tselentis, G-A.: Bayesian probabilistic prediction of strong earthquakes in the main seismogenic zones of Greece, BolletinoDi Geofysica Teorica ed Applicata, Vol XXIX(113), 51–63, 1987. </reference>
		<reference numeration="54" content_type="text"> Strasser, F. O. and Bommer, J. J.: Truncation of the distribution of ground motion residuals, J. Seismol., 12, 79–105, 2008. </reference>
		<reference numeration="55" content_type="text"> Thenhaus, P. C. and Campbell, K. W.: Seismic Hazard Analysis, in: Earthquake Engineering Handbook, edited by: Chen, W.-F. and Schawthorn, C., CRC Press, VIII1-50, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="56" content_type="text"> Theodulidis, N. P. and Papazachos, B. C.: Dependence of strong ground motion on magnitude-distance, site geology and macroseismic intensity for shallow earthquakes in Greece: I, peak horizontal acceleration, velocity and displacement, Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 11, 387–402, 1992. </reference>
		<reference numeration="57" content_type="text"> Theodulidis, N. P. and Papazachos, B. C.: Dependence of strong ground motion on magnitude-distance, site geology and macroseismic intensity for shallow earthquakes in Greece: II, Horizontal Pseudo-velocity, Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 13, 317–343, 1994. </reference>
		<reference numeration="58" content_type="text"> Travasarou, T., Bray, J. B., and Abrahamson, A.: Empirical attenuation relationship for Arias Intensity, Earthq. Eng. Struct D., 32, 1133–1155, 2003. </reference>
		<reference numeration="59" content_type="text"> Tselentis, G.-A. and Gkika, F.: Boundary element fault deformation along the Corinth Canal-Greece, Coastal Engineering, Algrave, Portugal, WIT Transactions on The Built Environment, 78, 313–322, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="60" content_type="text"> Tselentis, G.-A. and Danciu, L.: Empirical Relationships between Modified Mercalli Intensity and Engineering Ground-Motion Parameters in Greece, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 98(2), 2008. </reference>
		<reference numeration="61" content_type="text"> Tselentis, G.-A., Danciu, L., and Gkika, F.: Empirical Arias Intensity attenuation relationships for seismic hazard analysis of Greece, ERES Conference, Greece, 2005. </reference>
		<reference numeration="62" content_type="text"> Tselentis, G.-A., Danciu, L., and Sokos, E.: Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment in Greece – Part~2: Acceleration response spectra and elastic input energy spectra, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., \blackbox\bf information will be added!!, 2009. </reference>
		<reference numeration="63" content_type="text"> Tso, W. K. and Zhu, T. J.: Engineering implications of ground motion A/V ratio,Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 11(3), 133–144, 1992. </reference>
		<reference numeration="64" content_type="text"> Wald, D. J., Quitoriano, V., Heaton, T. H., Kanamori, H., Scrivner, C. W., and Worden, C. B.: Trinet &quot;ShakeMaps&quot;: Rapid Generation of Peak Ground Motion and Intensity Maps for Earthquakes in Southern California, Earthq. Spectra, 15(3), 537–555, 1999. </reference>
		<reference numeration="65" content_type="text"> Weichert, D.: Estimation of the earthquake recurrence parameters for unequal observation periods for different magnitudes, B. Seismol. Soc. Am., 70(4), 1337–1347, 1980. </reference>
		<reference numeration="66" content_type="text"> Wessel, P. and Smith, W. H. F.: New, improved version of Generic Mapping Tools released, EOS T. Am. Geophys. Un., 79(47), 579~pp., 1998. </reference>
		<reference numeration="67" content_type="text"> Wilson, R. C. and Keefer, D. K.: Predicting the areal limits of earthquake-induced landslides, in: Evaluating Earthquake Hazards in the Los Angeles Region-An Earths Science Perspective, edited by: Ziony, J. I., Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper., 316–345, 1985. </reference>
		<reference numeration="68" content_type="text"> Zenno, G. and Montaldo, V.: Analysis of strong ground motions to evaluate regional attenuation relationships, Ann. Geophys.-Italy, 45(3/4), 439–454, 2002. </reference>
	</references>
</article>

